Carbon nanofiber refers to a fibrous nano-carbon material formed by crimping multiple layers of graphite sheets. Its diameter is generally 10~500nm, and its length is distributed in 0.5~100μm. It is a one-dimensional between carbon nanotubes and ordinary carbon fibers. Carbon material.

Carbon nanofibers have excellent physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability, such as high specific surface area, mechanical strength and Young's modulus, good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and thermal stability. They are now widely used in aerospace, sports Supplies, medical equipment, biological materials and other fields.

Carbon nanofibers are mainly synthesized by chemical vapor deposition or electrostatic spinning. Carbon nanofibers synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition method have problems such as difficult to control the uniformity of the tube diameter, the removal of the catalyst will destroy the fiber structure, and the process scalability is not good. Electrospinning technology can achieve efficient control of fiber diameter and length by adjusting technical parameters such as electric field strength, spinning distance, nozzle size, spinning dope concentration, and solvent volatility. It can also achieve high-efficiency control of fiber diameter and length by adjusting carbonization temperature. Adjustment of physical, mechanical and chemical properties, graphitization degree, etc. The important development direction of the electrospinning technology to synthesize carbon nanofibers is: how to effectively realize the spinning of full-scale macrostructures, that is, using electrospinning technology to synthesize the original silk layer of the structure/functional parts in one step, and obtain carbon after carbonization Structural/functional components of nanofiber layup.